نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مربی و مدیر گروه معارف اسلامی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی استان سمنان، شهر سمنان
2 استادیار دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، استان تهران، شهر تهران
3 دانش آموخته (کارشناسی ارشد) طراحی شهری، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، استان آذربایجان شرقی، شهر تبریز
4 دان شآموخته (کارشناسی ارشد)طراحی شهری، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، استان آذربایجان شرقی، شهر تبریز
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
There is an old saying which refers to “We build our cities and our cities build us”. This meaning could
be understood through new masterpieces of contemporary cinema especially after World War II and other
related changes. There are some meaningful hints in contemporary cinema which emphasize role of built
environment in manifestation of meaning in artworks. Literature review of the paper show that this is an
interactive issue which our cities influence our understanding about our cities and in the other hand cinema
manipulate mankind’s relationship to his environment. Postmodern city is a title which mentions a wide range
of phenomena such as postindustrial cities and so on which enjoys a great respect in contemporary cinema.
Recent reflections regarding to city and other related fields emphasize the roll of postmodern cinema toward
formation of new gender of understanding between art and audience, cinema and society etc. Our cities and
societies, particularly in west, are now in various ways ‘post-industrial’: ‘post-Fordist’, ‘post-modern’, even
‘post-historical’. The economy is undergoing a transition from the production of goods to the provision of
services. In this context, media can play important roles not only as a tool to represent the urban condition, but
also as a service that can intense the post-industrial condition. Film is a young medium and just like any type of
media, it can represent or criticize all aspects of life and all aspects of humanity in a simple motioned image, in
a frame. The theoretical framework of the paper is based on literature review which emphasized on the latest
theories in related field that developed by German art historian, Erwin Panofsky. Panofsky’s iconography as
a highly influential modern academic tool for interpretation of contemporary artworks is adopted as base of
theoretical framework of the paper. This tool refers as three strata of subject matter or meaning: 1- Primary:
natural subject matter, 2- Iconography: conventional subject matter, 3- Iconology: intrinsic meaning or
content. Regarding to iconology step, cinema cannot be isolated and should be considered as an historical
incident and product of a historical environment which reflects all aspects of its circumstances especially
built environment. This paper is to discover the image of city in mainstream and independent cinema from
1980 to 2010. Iconological approach is chosen especially because of its depth and capability to analysis
icons and symbols. Urban iconic meanings have been interpreted from chosen movies, in both cinematic
types, through analysis the “film pictures”. The results of this research indicate that some common and some
specialized urban aspects of the two cinematic types can be distinguished, and all are summarized in two
tables. Mainstream cinema is more representing leisure, advertisement and entertainment city; whereas urban
images of contrast, identity crisis and multiculturality can be seen in independent cinema category. The results
of the paper show that there are meaningful relationship between two parts of this challenge namely city
and cinema especially in case of postmodern and postindustrial city and related phenomena in comparison
between independent and mainstream cinemas
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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