گونه‌شناسیِ پژوهش‌های حوزة پیوند شعر و موسیقی

The relationship between vocal music and poetry is not only a research topic in the field of music, but also has an important key role in vocal music critics and in vocal education. In all these areas, judgments are made about the way poetry and music are related that are explicitly or implicitly based on theoretical assumptions. The aim of this article is to identify and introduce different types of research in this field applying a descriptive-analytical method. The data of this article have been collected from studies, critics, and even scattered claims from researchers and musicologists on this subject in a library format. In this article, with a free interpretation of Jacobson’s communication model, these studies are categorized into two approaches: referential and formal, and each of these is itself categorized into different types. The referential approach is an approach that is shaped in a way by relying on the expressiveness of poetry and music and emphasizes what poetry and singing seek to express. All views that consider the proportionality between the meaning or theme of poetry and music (from Mode and Dastgāh to arrangements for vocal device) as the criterion for judging the relationship between poetry and music are included in this approach. The formal approach also refers to an approach that relies on the formal characteristics of poetry and music. The dominance of the first approach in Iranian music has a long history and most studies and claims fall within this approach. It seems that the assumption of musical expressiveness and a static view of the meaning or theme of poetry is one of the most important theoretical foundations of the first approach. The prevalence of metaphorical use of words and concepts in this approach, which has led to a decrease in the accuracy of the analyses, is one of the factors that have challenged these assumptions and studies. Perhaps the inclusion of literary criticism topics in this approach, especially in the field of the meaning of poetry, can bring dynamism to the researches of this approach. The second approach, due to its limited background, can be a new opportunity for researchers in this field.