نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 هیات علمی دانشگاه هنر دانشکده سینما و تئاتر، گروه سینما
2 گروه سینما،دانشکده هنر،دانشگاه سوره
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The function of game theory in film narration has rarely been noticed by film researchers. Even in sources in other languages, the use of generic games and other game theory concepts is less common. Since game theory tries to analyze situations in which the result of a strategy for one player depends on the decisions of other players, the concepts of this theory can be used to analyze the characters of a movie narrative. In a movie narrative, there are interactions and confrontations and conflicts between the characters of the story, which can be modeled in the form of a game. The purpose of this research is to model the confrontations of the story characters in a cinematic narrative. Since Christopher Nolan's movies contain complex confrontations between characters, two films of this director have been selected to examine the function of game theory in cinematic narration. In Inception, a game is formed between several characters of the film, and different games can be modeled in this film. On the other hand, the non-linear time structure in the confrontations between the characters in the film Tenet can help to analyze the film based on concepts such as reverse inference.
Since the beginning of cinema, theorists have expressed different definitions and functions for cinema. People like Rudolph Arnheim believed that cinema should avoid reality and achieve a special mindset and art. On the other hand, directors like Sergei Eisenstein tried to produce new meanings by assembling scenes. In contrast, these theorists were realists. French theoretician Andre Bazen believed that cinema should be a tangent line on the edge of reality. Formalist and realistic theories have been discussed and investigated at length throughout the history of cinema. With the passage of time, new concepts and theories were introduced that can be used in cinema theories. One of these theories is game theory. In one definition, the movie can be defined and modeled as a game. In this definition, expressing reality or passing it is not the main issue, but the film remains like a game that must be played. This game can be played on two levels. Outside games in which the audience is invited to interact more, and in fact, to fully understand the story, a game outside the world of the film is formed between the audience and the filmmaker. On the other hand, there are internal games that explore the world inside the movie through games. Based on this, two Christopher Nolan movies, Inception and Tenet, have been chosen to be analyzed through the lens of games. These two films show more advanced and numerous games due to the complex interactions between the characters as well as the non-linear time structures. After examining these two films, some ways can be formulated to apply game theory to analyze a cinematic narration.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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