Sociological analysis of Jijak Alishah's play based on Bakhtin's theories

According to Bakhtin's critical view, the language of literary and artistic works is not only a reflection of a meaning, but the group and class wishes of the people of the society have been deposited in them over the years. The plays of Iran's constitutional period, including Jijak Alishah, were written in the sensitive socio-historical conditions of Iran and in the heart of an important historical break, and therefore they contain the intentions and tendencies of many groups and classes. These texts follow Iran's new rise both in the prose stronghold, that is, the struggle with the language of the rulers, and in the social stronghold, that is, the struggle with their unjust supremacy and authoritarian behavior to achieve the revolution and establish the constitutional law. For this purpose, Jijak Alishah was written in polyphonic style, and in this research, the analysis of its different sounds and tones was done using library sources. In the end, this research has come to the conclusion that in Jijak Alishah, the simplistic and humorous language of the lower classes of the society is placed next to the old and worn-out language of traditional Iranian literature in prose and verse, and by breaking its complete dominance, he created a polyphonic text in which the criticism of the Iranian intellectual class of the way of governance and life of the ruling class promises new types of politics and social order.